Kodi chitsulo chosungunuka ndi chiyani?
Chitsulo chachitsulo ndi gulu lazitsulo zachitsulo zomwe zimakhala ndi pakati pa 2% ndi 4% carbon.Kutengera mtundu wa chitsulo chosungunuka, imatha kufika mpaka 5%.Amapangidwa ndi kusungunula chitsulo kapena chitsulo cha nkhumba ndikusakaniza ndi zitsulo zosiyanasiyana ndi ma alloys ena.Kenako amathira chitsulocho mu nkhungu.Zimakhazikika mu mawonekedwe a nkhungu popanda kusokoneza mphamvu yake.Kapangidwe ka kaboni ka cast iron kamapangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba komanso yolimba.
Kodi chitsulo chosungunuka ndi chiyani?
Chitsulo chosungunula chosungunula chimapangidwa kudzera muzitsulo zotenthetsera zachitsulo.Izi zimachepetsa mpweya wa carbon ndikuwongolera kugwira ntchito ndi ductility.Poyambirira, chitsulo choyera choyera - mtundu wina wachitsulo chokhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa carbon - umaponyedwa.Imatenthedwa pang'onopang'ono pansi pa malo ake osungunuka kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya usanduke kukhala graphite.Izi zimabweretsa kupanga tinatake tozungulira kapena tozungulira, kupanga chitsulo chosungunuka chosungunuka.Njira ya annealing imachepetsa brittleness, imathandizira kukana fractures ndikuthandizira kupindika ndi kupanga popanda kusweka.
Kutaya-chitsulo katundu
Kodi chitsulo chosungunuka ndi chiyani?Izi zimatengera mtundu wa chitsulo chosungunuka, chomwe talemba pansipa.Mpweya wa carbon ukakhala wokwera kwambiri, chitsulocho chimaphwanyika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke komanso kusweka chifukwa cha nkhawa.Ndi kutentha kwakukulu, chitsulo choponyedwa chimakhalanso ndi kutentha kwabwino kwambiri.
| Mtundu wachitsulo chachitsulo | Katundu wachitsulo chonyezimira |
| Gray cast iron | Kutsika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu osati monga ductile monga zitsulo zina zoponyedwa;kugonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri;kwambiri brittle - zovuta kupanga pamwamba;kondakitala wabwino kwambiri wamatenthedwe komanso kuchuluka kwa kugwedera kwamphamvu. |
| Chitsulo choyera | Osawotcherera;high compressive mphamvu ndi zabwino kuvala kukana;zabwino kwambiri zamagwiritsidwe ocheperako. |
| Ductile cast iron | Nodular graphite mu microstructure yake kupyolera mu kuwonjezera kwa magnesium, amapereka mphamvu zapamwamba, kulimba ndi ductility kuposa imvi chitsulo. |
| Chitsulo cha graphite chophatikizika | Kapangidwe ka graphite, katundu wogwirizana ndi kuphatikiza kwachitsulo chotuwa ndi choyera, kulimba kwamphamvu kwambiri komanso kuwongolera bwino kuposa chitsulo chotuwira. |
Kodi chitsulo chosungunuka chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani?
Kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo choponyera kumadalira mtundu wachitsulo choponyedwa.Muwona kuphatikizika kwina pansipa.Taphatikizanso ntchito zachitsulo chosungunuka.
| Chitsulo chogwiritsidwa ntchito | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitsulo |
| Gray cast iron | Mapaipi, matupi a valve, mbali za valve, nyumba za zida zamakina, ng'oma zoboola |
| Chitsulo choyera | Mapulogalamu pomwe pali mikangano yotsetsereka pakati pa malo awiri, mwachitsanzo, mbale zovala & ma liner a zida zamigodi, zosakaniza simenti, mphero za mpira ndi zojambula zina zimafa & zotulutsa zotulutsa. |
| Ductile cast iron | Mapaipi amadzi & otayira, thirakitala & zida zogwiritsira ntchito, ma crankshaft amagalimoto ndi dizilo, ma pistoni & mitu ya silinda;zopangira magetsi, mabokosi osinthira, mafelemu agalimoto & magawo ophwanyira dera;zida za migodi: ng'oma zokwezera, ma pulleys, ma flywheel ndi ndowa zokwezera;& mphero yachitsulo: zitseko za ng'anjo & ma rolls a tebulo |
| Chitsulo cha graphite chophatikizika | Ma midadada ya injini ya dizilo, nyumba za turbo, manifold otopetsa |
| Chitsulo chosungunuka | Sitima yapagalimoto yamagalimoto & zigawo za axle, zida zaulimi ndi njanji;Komanso, zolumikizira ndi ziponyera pa milatho, ma chain-hoist assemblies, makina opangira mafakitale, zopangira mapaipi, & ndodo zolumikizira. |
Chitsulo choponyera motsutsana ndi chitsulo chosungunuka
Makhalidwe a chitsulo chosungunuka amaphatikizapo machinability, kulimba ndi ductility.Kulimbana ndi mantha, kumakhala ndi luso labwino kwambiri lotha kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu.
Chitsulo chosungunuka ndichosavuta kugwira ntchito kuposa zitsulo zotayira.Mwachitsanzo, zitsulo zachitsulo zosungunulika kapena zoyikapo mapaipi zimatha kupangidwa mwaluso kwambiri.Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri kuposa zitsulo zotayidwa pa 1260 ° C - kachiwiri, izi zimadalira ma alloys muzitsulo zotayidwa, monga kuchuluka kwa mpweya umene uli nawo.Koma chitsulo chosungunuka nthawi zambiri chimapangitsa kuti chisungunuke bwino, kotero kuti chimathira mu nkhungu popanda kuzizira kwambiri.
Kuyerekeza kwina: chitsulo chosungunuka motsutsana ndi zoyikapo zitsulo.Chitsulo chosungunuka sichingagawike kuti chichotsedwe mosavuta, monga momwe zitsulo zotayira zimachitira.
Ubwino wa chitsulo chosungunuka chosungunuka
Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosungunula kumakhala komveka liti?Mukafuna maubwino awa:
Ductility - yabwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira makina ochulukirapo pomaliza.Poyerekeza ndi chitsulo cha ductile, ilibe mphamvu yofananira yamphamvu, kukhazikika komanso kukana kwamphamvu, komabe imathandizira kupanga makina popanda kusweka.
Ikhoza kuphwanyidwa ndi kumenyedwa, poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zina zomwe zimathyoka kapena kuthyoka.
- Pafupifupi cholimba ngati chitsulo chotuwa.
- Kukaniza kwabwino pamatenthedwe otsika kwambiri.
Kuipa kwa chitsulo chosungunuka chosungunuka
Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka zimakhala ndi zovuta zake, Nthawi zonse zindikirani kuipa kwa chinthu:
Imachepa ikazizira, chifukwa imataya mphamvu.Zitsulo zonse zotayidwa - kapena zida zilizonse - zimachita izi kumlingo wina, koma zimawonekera kwambiri ndi chitsulo chosungunuka.
Low dzimbiri kukana.
Osalimba ngati chitsulo chachitsulo kapena chitsulo.Pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira mphamvu yolimba kwambiri kapena yopondereza, sankhani chitsulo china.
Ikhozanso kukhala yofooka pa kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusweka.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-13-2024